Business Capability Architecture¶

Architecture Components¶

1. User Access Layer¶

Components: - End Users: Access the system through browsers or desktop applications - Authentication Systems: - Amazon Cognito integrated with ADFS for enterprise SSO - Multi-factor authentication (MFA) support - JWT-based session management with 30-minute token expiration - Account lockout after 5 failed attempts

2. Security & DNS Layer¶

Components: - AWS WAF: Web Application Firewall - Protection against OWASP Top 10 threats - Rate limiting (2000 requests/5min per IP) - Managed rule sets for common attack patterns

AWS Shield: DDoS protection at network and application layers
Amazon Route 53:
DNS management and health checks
Intelligent routing policies
Failover capabilities
AWS Certificate Manager:
SSL/TLS certificates with auto-renewal
HTTPS-only with TLS 1.2+ enforcement
Amazon GuardDuty: Continuous threat detection and monitoring

3. Frontend Architecture¶

Content Delivery Network: - Amazon CloudFront CDN - Global distribution with 400+ edge locations - Regional edges: Singapore, Tokyo, Sydney - HTTP/2 and HTTP/3 support - Brotli and Gzip compression - Intelligent caching strategies - Cache hit ratio >90% for static assets

Static Hosting: - Amazon S3 - React-based PWA hosting - Encrypted storage (AES-256) - Versioning enabled - Lifecycle policies for cost optimization - Access logging with retention policies

Frontend Stack: - Progressive Web Application (PWA) with service workers - React.js with Redux/Context API for state management - Electron wrapper for desktop application - Offline-first design with background sync

4. Backend Architecture¶

Network Infrastructure:

VPC Design: - Public Subnets: - Internet Gateway for inbound traffic - Application Load Balancers - NAT Gateways for outbound traffic

Private Subnets:
ECS Fargate tasks
Database resources
Internal services

Compute Layer:

Amazon ECS on Fargate: - Containerized microservices architecture - Stateless API services for horizontal scalability - Auto-scaling based on CPU/memory utilization - Resource allocation: - Stage Environment: 1024 CPU units, 8GB RAM - Production Environment: 2048 CPU units, 16GB RAM

Application Load Balancer: - HTTPS termination on port 443 - Path-based routing to services - Health checks and automatic failover - WebSocket support for real-time updates

5. Data Layer¶

Operational Data: - Amazon DynamoDB - Session management - User profiles and preferences - License entitlements - Deployment configurations - Point-in-time recovery enabled

Object Storage: - Amazon S3 - CloudFormation templates - Deployment artifacts

Analytics & Data Lake: - Amazon Athena: Serverless SQL queries on S3 data - AWS Glue: ETL jobs for data transformation - Data Lake: Centralized repository for all data types

6. Configuration & Secrets Management¶

AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store
Application configurations
Environment variables
Feature flags
Non-sensitive settings
AWS Secrets Manager
Database credentials
API keys
OAuth tokens
Third-party service credentials
Automatic rotation policies

7. Auxiliary Services¶

Amazon EventBridge
Event-driven orchestration
Scheduled tasks
System integrations
AWS AI/ML Services
Predictive analytics
Anomaly detection
Natural language processing
Amazon ECR
Container image registry
Vulnerability scanning
Image lifecycle policies

8. Monitoring & Management¶

Observability Stack: - Amazon CloudWatch - Custom metrics and dashboards - Log aggregation and analysis - Automated alerts and notifications - Metric alarms for auto-scaling

AWS X-Ray
Distributed tracing
Performance bottleneck identification
Service dependency mapping
AWS CloudTrail
API audit logging
Compliance reporting
Security analysis

CI/CD Pipeline: - GitHub Actions - Automated builds and tests - Container image creation - CloudFormation deployments - Blue-green deployment strategy